Maiden application of TIDμ1NDμ2 controller for effective load frequency control of non‐linear two‐area power system

Abstract

Abstract In the paper, the maiden application of Tilted Integral Fractional Derivative with Filter plus Fractional Derivative controller (TIDμ1NDμ2), called TIFDNFD controller, is proposed to achieve load frequency control (LFC) of two area‐multi source power system. In the study, both areas include thermal power, hydropower, and gas turbine power systems. In this study, generation rate constraint and governor dead‐band are integrated into the power system to evaluate the performance of the controller in a non‐linear environment. The wild horse optimizer (WHO) is used for controller parameter tuning in the LFC problem for the first time. The performance of the proposed controller is demonstrated by comparing it with the recently published studies including different controllers. In this study, to obtain more realistic results, solar photovoltaic (PV) power, wind power, and load demand with stochastic form have been added to the power system. In addition, the dynamic effect of the hydrogen storage system, consisting of an electrolyser and a fuel cell, is considered a grid supporter. The superiority of the WHO algorithm in optimization has been verified by comparing it with three optimization algorithms recently proposed. Finally, the resilience and robustness of the power system are evaluated in perturbed system parameters.

Keywords

• automatic generation control
• FOPID controller
• load frequency control
• optimization
• PID controller
• TID controller