Pathogens (Mar 2021)
Invasive <em>Candida</em> Infections in Neonates after Major Surgery: Current Evidence and New Directions
- Domenico Umberto De Rose,
- Alessandra Santisi,
- Maria Paola Ronchetti,
- Ludovica Martini,
- Lisa Serafini,
- Pasqua Betta,
- Marzia Maino,
- Francesco Cavigioli,
- Ilaria Cocchi,
- Lorenza Pugni,
- Elvira Bonanno,
- Chryssoula Tzialla,
- Mario Giuffrè,
- Jenny Bua,
- Benedetta Della Torre,
- Giovanna Nardella,
- Danila Mazzeo,
- Paolo Manzoni,
- Andrea Dotta,
- Pietro Bagolan,
- Cinzia Auriti,
- on behalf of Study Group of Neonatal Infectious Diseases
Affiliations
- Domenico Umberto De Rose
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Alessandra Santisi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Maria Paola Ronchetti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Ludovica Martini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Lisa Serafini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, “A. Meyer” University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Pasqua Betta
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, 95124 Catania, Italy
- Marzia Maino
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
- Francesco Cavigioli
- Neonatology Unit, Ospedale dei Bambini “V. Buzzi”, ASST FBF-Sacco-Buzzi, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Ilaria Cocchi
- Neonatology Unit, Ospedale dei Bambini “V. Buzzi”, ASST FBF-Sacco-Buzzi, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Lorenza Pugni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Elvira Bonanno
- Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Annunziata, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
- Chryssoula Tzialla
- Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Mario Giuffrè
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Jenny Bua
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
- Benedetta Della Torre
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Giovanna Nardella
- Division of Neonatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “Ospedali Riuniti”, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Danila Mazzeo
- Neonatology Unit, Policlinico Gaetano Martino, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Paolo Manzoni
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal, Neonatal, and Infant Health, Ospedale degli Infermi, ASL Biella, 13875 Ponderano, Biella, Italy
- Andrea Dotta
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Pietro Bagolan
- Neonatal Surgery Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Cinzia Auriti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant, “Bambino Gesù” Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- on behalf of Study Group of Neonatal Infectious Diseases
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030319
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 3
p. 319
Abstract
Infections represent a serious health problem in neonates. Invasive Candida infections (ICIs) are still a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Infants hospitalized in NICUs are at high risk of ICIs, because of several risk factors: broad spectrum antibiotic treatments, central catheters and other invasive devices, fungal colonization, and impaired immune responses. In this review we summarize 19 published studies which provide the prevalence of previous surgery in neonates with invasive Candida infections. We also provide an overview of risk factors for ICIs after major surgery, fungal colonization, and innate defense mechanisms against fungi, as well as the roles of different Candida spp., the epidemiology and costs of ICIs, diagnosis of ICIs, and antifungal prophylaxis and treatment.
Keywords
- invasive <i>Candida</i> infections
- invasive fungal infections
- antifungal prophylaxis
- newborns
- surgery
- neonatal surgery
