The agricultural sector of the Russian economy and innovative technologies: Evolution, problems and directions of development

Abstract

The article examines the processes of development of agricultural production in modern Russia. It is noted that the problems of rural development and agricultural sectors became especially acute with the beginning of the processes of market transformation of the country's economy in the 1990s of the 20th century. A significant decline in production volumes in this sector of the economy during the period under review was primarily reflected in a sharp decline in wages and employment in the agricultural sectors. Many workers of agricultural enterprises were forced to move to personal subsidiary plots. As the authors point out, the agricultural policy of those years was actually aimed at maintaining large forms of production in this area, to the detriment of the interests of small companies. In practice, large agricultural producers received funds from the federal budget for the development of the industry. It is noted that the unfavorable ecological situation in the landscapes of various natural zones of the Russian Federation is a consequence of the intensive use of land resources without complying with the necessary environmental requirements. Digital technologies in the agricultural sector of the country’s economy are used only in individual farms, which indicates an “island” type of informatization. The reasons for this phenomenon are that software developers for the needs of the agro-industrial complex do not have the necessary database for the creation and operation of specific production technologies.