Comparative evaluation of 2% lignocaine viscous gargling and intravenous lignocaine for insertion of laryngeal mask airway

Abstract

Background: Few studies have compared the efficacy of 2% lignocaine viscous gargling with intravenous lignocaine given prior to induction with propofol and fentanyl for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion for minor-to-moderate elective surgeries. Methods: Sixty patients were randomized into two groups: Group V (n = 30) and Group I (n = 30). Group V patients gargled with 25 ml 2% lignocaine for 2 min in sitting position. Three minutes after gargling, they were preoxygenated in supine position and fentanyl (1 μg/kg) was administered intravenously. In Group I, patients were preoxygenated and fentanyl (1 μg/kg) and lignocaine (1.5 mg/kg) were simultaneously administered intravenously. Sixty seconds after fentanyl, both the groups received propofol (2 mg/kg) intravenously over 30 s, and 90 s later, LMA insertion was attempted. Conditions of LMA insertion, SpO2and haemodynamic parameters, were recorded before and after the insertion of LMA at the end of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd min. Results: Both the groups were comparable demographically. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of conditions of LMA insertion, haemodynamic parameters and duration of apnea between the groups. However, there was a statistically significant fall in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure 1, 2 and 3 min after LMA insertion from baseline values within each group. Conclusions: Both intravenous lignocaine and gargling with 2% viscous lignocaine were equally effective and safe adjuvants when administered before induction with propofol and fentanyl for providing adequate conditions for LMA insertion.

Keywords

• fentanyl
• laryngeal mask airway
• lignocaine viscous gargling
• propofol