Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists and ACE inhibitors in the regulation of hemodynamics and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity: focus on the organ protection

Abstract

Chronic activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is characterised by vasoconstriction, increased total peripheral vascular resistance, organ and tissue hypoperfusion, fluid detention, increased circulatory volume, increased myocardial sensitivity to toxic effects of catecholamines, myocardial and vascular remodelling, myocardial and perivascular fibrosis. RAAS activity could be reduced by suppressed angiotensin II synthesis, or AT-1 receptor blockage. ACE inhibitors are highly effective in the treatment of such cardiovascular pathology as arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure, or coronary heart disease. Their main pharmacological effects include hemodynamic, neuro-humoral, anti-proliferatory, cardio- and nephroprotective action, as well as endothelial function improvement. AT-1 receptor antagonists are characterised by high antihypertensive effectiveness, perfect tolerability, organ protection, administration simplicity, and no significant interactions with other medications, which makes them essential in daily clinical practice.

Keywords

• ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновая система
• ингибиторы ангиотензин-превращающего фермента
• антагонисты ат1-рецепторов ангиотензина ii
• органопротективные свойства
• артериальная гипертония