A systematic review on the modifications of extracellular vesicles: a revolutionized tool of nano-biotechnology

Abstract

Highlights Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be modified using various methods available including physical, chemical and engineering based. These tailoring methods are helpful in targeting drug delivery to treat various diseases. Moreover, EVs have the ability to modify that’s due to presence of lipid bilayer membrane, that’s effectively participate in loading and unloading of desired drug. EVs expressed from the specific cell types can give useful information about the pathogenesis of a particular disease in the form of unique nucleic acids, protein and lipid sequences and therefore, EVs derived from these cells can be used as specific diagnostic biomarker for diagnosis of diseases. Modified EVs using various drugs or miRNAs can be used for targeted drug delivery to specific cells.

Keywords

• Synthesis
• Extracellular vesicles
• Nano-biotechnology
• Tailoring
• Drug delivery
• Systematic review