Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society (Jan 2004)

The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of (±)-2, 3- seco-fentanyl analogues

  • Ivanović Milovan D.,
  • Mićović I.V.,
  • Vučković Sonja M.,
  • Prostran Milica Š.,
  • Todorović Zoran M.,
  • Ivanović Evica R.,
  • Kiricojević Vesna D.,
  • Đorđević J.B.,
  • Došen-Mićović Ljiljana I.

DOI
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0411955I
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 69, no. 11
pp. 955 – 968

Abstract

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An efficient, five-step synthetic approach to various acyclic 1,3-diamines has been developed and applied to the preparation of a novel class of open-chained fentanyl analogues. The acyclic derivatives 5.1–5.5 (all new compounds) were synthesized with the aim of estimating the significance of the piperidine ring for the opioid analgesic activity of anilido-piperidines. The starting β-keto-amide 1.1, prepared by the aminolysis of methyl acetoacetate with methylphenethylamine, (93 % yield), was successively reacted with NaH and BuLi, to form the highly reactive α,γ-dienolate anion 1.1a. Regio and chemoselective γ-alkylation of the dienolate with various primary and secondary alkyl halides furnished the β-keto-amides 1.2–1.5 (76–91 %). Reductive amination of the keto-amides 1.1–1.5 with aniline and Zn powder in acetic acid, via the enamine intermediates 2.1–2.5, afforded the β-anilino amides 3.1–3.5 (74–85 %). After reductive deoxygenation of the tertiary amide group, using in situ generated diborane, the corresponding 1,3-diamines 4.1–4.5 were obtained (87–97 %). The synthesis of (±)-2,3-seco-fentanyls 5.1–5.5 was completed by N-acylation of the diamines 4.1–4.5 with propionyl chloride, followed by precipitation of the monooxalate salts (86–95 %). The parent compound, 2,3-seco-fentanyl 5.1, was found to be a 40 times less potent narcotic analgesic than fentanyl but still 5–6 times more active than morphine in rats, while i-Pr derivative 5.3 was inactive. Apart from the pharmacological significance, the general procedure described herein may afford various functionalized, 1,3-diamines as potential complexing agents and building blocks for the synthesis of aza-crown ethers.

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