مجلة الأنبار للعلوم الزراعية (Dec 2023)
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF DISPARITIES IN HOUSEHOLD SPENDING ON COMMODITY GROUPS IN IRAQ ACCORDING TO SURVEYS OF THE YEARS 2007 AND 2012
Abstract
The distribution of income among the members of the society is the most important issue for economic policymakers, as it affects the pattern of household expenditure and how it is distributed by commodity groups. The research was based on the method of economic analysis, both descriptive and quantitative, for the analysis of household expenditure data for the years 2007 and 2012. The distribution and analysis of the total consumption expenditure, the expenditure on the groups of goods and services between the expenditure categories, Disparities in the distribution of consumer spending using the indices of inequality measures such as the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, variance coefficient and Kuznets coefficient. The results of the study indicate that the high level of inequality in the distribution of total expenditure for 2012 compared to 2007 according to genetic factors, reached in 2007 about 0.333, but in 2012 it reached 0.348. The results of the other statistical and statistical disparities agreed that the year 2012 was characterized by an increase in inequality compared with 2007. The transport and communications group during the 2007 and 2012 surveys were the most common commodity groups, with Gini coefficient values reaching 0.620 and 0.591 and difference coefficient to 1.52 and 1 .35 and Kuznets coefficient 0.54 and 0.52 for the two consecutive years compared to other commodity groups. Therefore, the government should contribute to alleviating the disparities between the groups of society through the development of an appropriate economic makers, including financial policy, and the redistribution of incomes, with a focus on the low-income group. The Iraqi government must also intervene to reduce disparities within the transport and communications group by imposing appropriate customs duties.
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