The management of severe pre-eclampsia and HELLP syndrome in a twin pregnancy with a known morbidly adherent placenta: A case report

Abstract

Introduction: Morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) is a rare obstetric complication, especially in cases of multiple gestation. We present a case of MAP complicating a dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancy requiring delivery by emergency cesarean hysterectomy at 30 + 2 weeks of gestation. Case Presentation: A 36-year-old woman, G3P2, with a DCDA twin pregnancy and known MAP presented to the labour ward at 30 + 2 weeks of gestation with evidence of pre-eclampsia and fulminating HELLP syndrome. Delivery was indicated due to fetal distress, demonstrated by pathological findings on cardiotocography, acutely deranged liver functions and worsening thrombocytopenia. An emergency cesarean hysterectomy was performed with postoperative monitoring in the intensive-care unit. The patient was discharged home on two oral antihypertensive agents. Her platelet count and liver functions were normalized prior to discharge. Discussion: Delivery planning for pregnancies complicated by MAP should commence early in the antenatal period, especially in cases where there is an anticipated risk of preterm delivery, such as multiple pregnancy. Multidisciplinary elective and emergency care plans should be developed and include interventional radiology services when available. Established protocols help to standardize care of these high-risk pregnancies and aid in decision making in emergency scenarios, such as the one presented. Keywords: Morbidly adherent placenta, Multiple pregnancy, Dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy, Pre-eclampsia, HELLP syndrome