The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
The AGORA High-resolution Galaxy Simulations Comparison Project. VI. Similarities and Differences in the Circumgalactic Medium
- Clayton Strawn,
- Santi Roca-Fàbrega,
- Joel R. Primack,
- Ji-hoon Kim,
- Anna Genina,
- Loic Hausammann,
- Hyeonyong Kim,
- Alessandro Lupi,
- Kentaro Nagamine,
- Johnny W. Powell,
- Yves Revaz,
- Ikkoh Shimizu,
- Héctor Velázquez,
- Tom Abel,
- Daniel Ceverino,
- Bili Dong,
- Minyong Jung,
- Thomas R. Quinn,
- Eun-jin Shin,
- Kirk S. S. Barrow,
- Avishai Dekel,
- Boon Kiat Oh,
- Nir Mandelker,
- Romain Teyssier,
- Cameron Hummels,
- Soumily Maji,
- Antonio Man,
- Paul Mayerhofer,
- the AGORA Collaboration
Affiliations
- Clayton Strawn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Santi Roca-Fàbrega
- ORCiD
- Lund Observatory, Division of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Lund University , SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden ; [email protected]; Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas , Plaza Ciencias, 1, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Joel R. Primack
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Ji-hoon Kim
- ORCiD
- Seoul National University Astronomy Research Center , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea ; [email protected]; Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Anna Genina
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85748, Garching, Germany
- Loic Hausammann
- ORCiD
- Institute of Physics , Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; TS High Performance Computing, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Hyeonyong Kim
- ORCiD
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Alessandro Lupi
- ORCiD
- DiSAT, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria , via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini,” Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca , I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Kentaro Nagamine
- ORCiD
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan; Kavli IPMU (WPI), University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8583, Japan; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
- Johnny W. Powell
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Reed College , Portland, OR 97202, USA
- Yves Revaz
- Institute of Physics , Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ikkoh Shimizu
- Shikoku Gakuin University , 3-2-1 Bunkyocho, Zentsuji, Kagawa, 765-8505, Japan
- Héctor Velázquez
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , A.P. 70-264, 04510, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
- Tom Abel
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Daniel Ceverino
- ORCiD
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco , E-28049 Madrid, Spain; CIAFF, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Bili Dong
- Department of Physics, Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California at San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Minyong Jung
- ORCiD
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Thomas R. Quinn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Eun-jin Shin
- ORCiD
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Kirk S. S. Barrow
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Avishai Dekel
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Boon Kiat Oh
- ORCiD
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Physics, University of Connecticut , U-3046, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Nir Mandelker
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Romain Teyssier
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Cameron Hummels
- ORCiD
- TAPIR, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Soumily Maji
- Fremont High School , Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA
- Antonio Man
- Green Valley High School , Henderson, NV 89014, USA
- Paul Mayerhofer
- Redwood High School , Larkspur, CA 94939, USA
- the AGORA Collaboration
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad12cb
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 962,
no. 1
p. 29
Abstract
We analyze the circumgalactic medium (CGM) for eight commonly-used cosmological codes in the AGORA collaboration. The codes are calibrated to use identical initial conditions, cosmology, heating and cooling, and star formation thresholds, but each evolves with its own unique code architecture and stellar feedback implementation. Here, we analyze the results of these simulations in terms of the structure, composition, and phase dynamics of the CGM. We show properties such as metal distribution, ionization levels, and kinematics are effective tracers of the effects of the different code feedback and implementation methods, and as such they can be highly divergent between simulations. This is merely a fiducial set of models, against which we will in the future compare multiple feedback recipes for each code. Nevertheless, we find that the large parameter space these simulations establish can help disentangle the different variables that affect observable quantities in the CGM, e.g., showing that abundances for ions with higher ionization energy are more strongly determined by the simulation’s metallicity, while abundances for ions with lower ionization energy are more strongly determined by the gas density and temperature.
Keywords