A Systematic Review of the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Nursing Care: Where are We, and What’s Next?

Abstract

Suebsarn Ruksakulpiwat,1 Sutthinee Thorngthip,2 Atsadaporn Niyomyart,3 Chitchanok Benjasirisan,1 Lalipat Phianhasin,1 Heba Aldossary,4 Bootan Hasan Ahmed,5 Thanistha Samai6 1Department of Medical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Nursing Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 4Department of Nursing, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; 5Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 6Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, ThailandCorrespondence: Suebsarn Ruksakulpiwat, Email [email protected]: Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare has transformed the landscape of patient care and healthcare delivery. Despite this, there remains a notable gap in the existing literature synthesizing the comprehensive understanding of AI’s utilization in nursing care.Objective: This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence to comprehensively understand the application of AI in nursing care.Methods: Studies published between January 2019 and December 2023, identified through CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Web of Science, PubMed, and Medline, were included in this review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines guided the identification, screening, exclusion, and inclusion of articles. The convergent integrated analysis framework, as proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, was employed to synthesize data from the included studies for theme generation.Results: A total of 337 records were identified from databases. Among them, 35 duplicates were removed, and 302 records underwent eligibility screening. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, eleven studies were deemed eligible and included in this review. Through data synthesis of these studies, six themes pertaining to the use of AI in nursing care were identified: 1) Risk Identification, 2) Health Assessment, 3) Patient Classification, 4) Research Development, 5) Improved Care Delivery and Medical Records, and 6) Developing a Nursing Care Plan.Conclusion: This systematic review contributes valuable insights into the multifaceted applications of AI in nursing care. Through the synthesis of data from the included studies, six distinct themes emerged. These findings not only consolidate the current knowledge base but also underscore the diverse ways in which AI is shaping and improving nursing care practices.Keywords: artificial intelligence, nursing care, patient care, systematic review

Keywords

• artificial intelligence
• nursing care
• patient care
• systematic review