Hypoxia-responsive circular RNA circAAGAB reduces breast cancer malignancy by activating p38 MAPK and sponging miR-378 h

Abstract

Abstract Background Breast cancer is a prevalent disease in women, with high prevalence worldwide. The hypoxic microenvironment of solid tumors develops during the progress of carcinogenesis and leads to greater malignancy and treatment resistance. Recently, accumulating evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a pivotal role in altering cellular functions. However, the underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in breast cancer are still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of a tumor-suppressive circRNA, circAAGAB, in breast cancer by assuming down-regulation of circAAGAB under hypoxia and the properties of a tumor suppressor. Methods Firstly, circAAGAB was identified from expression profiling by next generation sequencing. Next, the stability of circAAGAB increased by interacting with the RNA binding protein FUS. Moreover, cellular and nuclear fractionation showed that most circAAGAB resided in the cytoplasm and that it up-regulated KIAA1522, NKX3-1, and JADE3 by sponging miR-378 h. Lastly, the functions of circAAGAB were explored by identifying its down-stream genes using Affymetrix microarrays and validated by in vitro assays. Results The results showed that circAAGAB reduced cell colony formation, cell migration, and signaling through p38 MAPK pathway, as well as increased radiosensitivity. Conclusion These findings suggest that the oxygen-responsive circAAGAB acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, and may contribute to the development of a more specific therapeutic regimen for breast cancer.

Keywords

• circAAGAB
• Hypoxia
• Breast cancer
• Tumor suppressor
• p38 MAPK
• miRNA sponge