The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
CLASS Angular Power Spectra and Map-component Analysis for 40 GHz Observations through 2022
- Joseph R. Eimer,
- Yunyang Li,
- Michael K. Brewer,
- Rui Shi,
- Aamir Ali,
- John W. Appel,
- Charles L. Bennett,
- Sarah Marie Bruno,
- Ricardo Bustos,
- David T. Chuss,
- Joseph Cleary,
- Sumit Dahal,
- Rahul Datta,
- Jullianna Denes Couto,
- Kevin L. Denis,
- Rolando Dünner,
- Thomas Essinger-Hileman,
- Pedro Fluxá,
- Johannes Hubmayer,
- Kathleen Harrington,
- Jeffrey Iuliano,
- John Karakla,
- Tobias A. Marriage,
- Carolina Núñez,
- Lucas Parker,
- Matthew A. Petroff,
- Rodrigo A. Reeves,
- Karwan Rostem,
- Deniz A. N. Valle,
- Duncan J. Watts,
- Janet L. Weiland,
- Edward J. Wollack,
- Zhilei Xu,
- Lingzhen Zeng
Affiliations
- Joseph R. Eimer
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Yunyang Li
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Michael K. Brewer
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Rui Shi
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Aamir Ali
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- John W. Appel
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Charles L. Bennett
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Sarah Marie Bruno
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Ricardo Bustos
- ORCiD
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción , Alonso de Ribera 2850, Concepción, Chile
- David T. Chuss
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Villanova University , 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
- Joseph Cleary
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Sumit Dahal
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Rahul Datta
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Jullianna Denes Couto
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Kevin L. Denis
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Rolando Dünner
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436, Chile; Centro de Astro-Ingeniería, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436, Chile
- Thomas Essinger-Hileman
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Pedro Fluxá
- Centro de Astro-Ingeniería, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436, Chile
- Johannes Hubmayer
- ORCiD
- National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- Kathleen Harrington
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
- Jeffrey Iuliano
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- John Karakla
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Tobias A. Marriage
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Carolina Núñez
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Lucas Parker
- ORCiD
- Space Remote Sensing and Data Science, Los Alamos National Lab , Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Matthew A. Petroff
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Rodrigo A. Reeves
- ORCiD
- CePIA, Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción , Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
- Karwan Rostem
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Deniz A. N. Valle
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Duncan J. Watts
- ORCiD
- Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Janet L. Weiland
- ORCiD
- William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Edward J. Wollack
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Zhilei Xu
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Lingzhen Zeng
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1abf
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 963,
no. 2
p. 92
Abstract
Measurement of the largest angular scale ( ℓ < 30) features of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization is a powerful way to constrain the optical depth to reionization and search for the signature of inflation through the detection of primordial B -modes. We present an analysis of maps covering 73.6% of the sky made from the 40 GHz channel of the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) from 2016 August to 2022 May. Taking advantage of the measurement stability enabled by front-end polarization modulation and excellent conditions from the Atacama Desert, we show this channel achieves higher sensitivity than the analogous frequencies from satellite measurements in the range 10 < ℓ < 100. Simulations show the CLASS linear (circular) polarization maps have a white noise level of $125(130)\,\mu {\rm{K}}\,\mathrm{arcmin}$ . We measure the Galaxy-masked EE and BB spectra of diffuse synchrotron radiation and compare to space-based measurements at similar frequencies. In combination with external data, we expand measurements of the spatial variations of the synchrotron spectral energy density (SED) to include new sky regions and measure the diffuse SED in the harmonic domain. We place a new upper limit on a background of circular polarization in the range 5 < ℓ < 125 with the first bin showing D _ℓ < 0.023 $\mu {{\rm{K}}}_{\mathrm{CMB}}^{2}$ at 95% confidence. These results establish a new standard for recovery of the largest-scale CMB polarization from the ground and signal exciting possibilities when the higher sensitivity and higher-frequency CLASS channels are included in the analysis.
Keywords
- Early universe
- Cosmic microwave background radiation
- Observational cosmology
- Astronomy data analysis
- Polarimeters
