Research Status and Outlook of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Leilei Ai, Jian Chen, Hao Yan, Qiaojun He, Peihua Luo, Zhifei Xu, Xiaochun Yang Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhifei Xu; Xiaochun Yang Tel [phone]Fax [phone]Email [email protected]: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are a group of immune checkpoint inhibitors as front-line treatment of multiple types of cancer. However, the serious immune-related adverse reactions limited the clinical application of PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, despite the promising curative effects. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel inhibitors, such as small molecules, peptides or macrocycles, targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to meet the increasing clinical demands. Our review discussed the mechanism of action of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and presented clinical trials of currently approved PD-1/PD-L1 targeted drugs and the incidence of related adverse reactions, helping clinicians pay more attention to them, better formulate their intervention and resolution strategies. At last, some new inhibitors whose patent have been published are listed, which provide development ideas and judgment basis for the efficacy and safety of novel PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.Keywords: PD-1, PD-L1, immune checkpoint inhibitors, clinical trials, adverse events, monoclonal antibody

Keywords

• pd-1
• pd-l1
• immune checkpoint inhibitors
• clinical trials
• adverse events
• monoclonal antibody