Зерновое хозяйство России (Jun 2018)

ECOLOGICAL TOLERANCE OF THE SPRING BARLEY VARIETY ‘PRERIYA’ ON THE BLACKEARTH (CHERNOZEM) OF THE ROSTOV REGION

  • I. N. Ilinskaya,
  • M. I. Rychkova

DOI
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2018-57-3-17-22
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 0, no. 3
pp. 12 – 22

Abstract

Read online

The article considers ecological stability of spring barley (the variety ‘Prerie’), cultivated on blackearth (chernozems), ordinary, medium eroded soils in the Rostov region. Among the early spring grain crops, barley gives the highest and most stable yields with strict adherence to all cultivation technologies. However, despite the favourable soil-climatic conditions for this grain crop, its productivity in the region is still low and unstable over the years, and on average is 1.5–2.8 t/ha. Solving the problem, the ecological stability of grain crops is of great importance as the agroecosystem is able to maintain its structure and functional characteristics under the influence of external and internal factors. High productivity and stability of spring barley can be ensured through an integrated approach, including the improvement of such agricultural techniques for cultivation as effective crop rotation, use of soil cultivation systems and fertilizing systems. The studies were carried out in a multifactorial trial located on the slope of the Bolshoi Log in the Aksai District of the Rostov Region in 2007–2016. The study has found that the cultivation of the spring barley variety ‘Prerie’ is ecologically stable in a five-crop rotation sequence, the structure of which includes peas, winter wheat, sunflower and perennial grasses with subsoil plowing with the use of 1 kg/ha mineral fertilizers N90Р40К90, which provides a minimum variability in yield (10%) and the highest coefficient of environmental stability of the studied variety (0.58). In the presence of farrow land in the crop rotation, it is necessary to use chisel tillage, which ensures the ecological stability of barley only with an increased amount of mineral fertilizers. In the crop rotation 40% of perennial grasses neutralize the effect of primary tillage with a significant effect of mineral nutrition (up to 50–76%).

Keywords