Passive smoking and the reduced feeding of pregnant - factors of antenatal programming deviations of somato-sexual development and the structural and functional disorders of the thyroid gland

Abstract

Today proved that the cause of many diseases are unfavorable conditions for the development of the fetus in the womb, caused by exposure to pregnant the toxicants of exogenous nature, which include nicotine, and a violation of its feeding. However, the literature does not answer the question - what is the impact of smoking on pregnant thyropathies development in the offspring. In an experimental model of the combined effects of passive smoking and to reduce energy intake food rats during pregnancy found that their descendants are characterized by a high percentage of deaths in the first months of life, delay physical and sexual development, and at 6 months of age, one-third of the children observed obesity. At the same time, in the offspring of mothers treated with cigarette smoke and having a reduced power during pregnancy, disturbed the dynamics and character formation histostructure and hormonal activity of the thyroid gland. This characteristic becomes microfollicular type of gland structure with hyperthyroidization during puberty, which is replaced by a hypothyroid state, destruction of the parenchyma, the appearance of lymphoid infiltration.

Keywords

• smoking
• pregnancy
• thyroid gland
• offspring.