Exploring the potential of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as sorbent in micro-extraction towards emerging pollutants in various matrices

Abstract

Emerging pollutants pose an increasing threat to environmental quality and human health, necessitating significant advancements in analytical methodologies. Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) or MHDES represent a promising advancement in the field of micro-extraction for pollutant detection across diverse matrices. This review explores the synthesis, characterization, and application of MHDES as sorbents for the efficient extraction and preconcentration of emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, plasticizers, and heavy metals. The functionalization of MNP with HDES addresses the challenges of agglomeration and stability, enhancing their performance in non-polar compound extraction. Additionally, the application of the AGREEprep greenness metric tool highlights the environmental benefits of this method, emphasizing reduced solvent usage, lower energy consumption, and minimal waste production. This novel approach not only improves the efficacy and selectivity of pollutant detection but also broadens the applicability of MHDES in environmental monitoring and health risk assessment, offering a greener and more sustainable solution for analytical chemistry.

Keywords

• Emerging pollutants
• Greenness metrics
• Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents
• Magnetic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents
• Microextraction