Well-being of Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan: A Conceptual Review of Challenges and Opportunities

Abstract

Purpose: The economic significance of women's entrepreneurship is globally recognized; yet, the pace of women's entrepreneurial activities is slow. The lowering share of women's participation in the entrepreneurial population has been attributed to many reasons but for health. Women entrepreneurs’ health and well-being are important, yet widely neglected notions in research and practice. Especially, in Pakistani patriarchal society women are expected to work (self-employed or organizationally employed) with disproportionate family and work responsibilities. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study provides a conceptual review of key challenges faced by women entrepreneurs. To serve this purpose, relevant literature was selected and reviewed following a four-step procedure. Findings: In fulfilling their traditional roles of house-maker and the need to support family, the mental and physical health of women entrepreneurs is compromised. Findings of this study reveal that role expectation, stress overload, work-life conflict, fear of harassment, and workaholism are among the key factors that challenge the well-being of women entrepreneurs. However, family support, societal approval of their business, and work engagement may serve as an opportunity to improve women entrepreneurs’ well-being. Implications/Originality/Value: The study sheds light on key challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in a developing country context and suggests avenues for further research.

Keywords

• Women entrepreneurs
• Well-being
• Health-related challenges
• Pakistani society
• Work-life conflict