Justification of efficiency and subsoil protection during underground development of ore deposits using traditional technologies in combination with metals leaching

Abstract

It is shown that the reserve of the economy, rational use and protection of the subsoil is the involvement in the production of non-standard resources through the use of metal leaching technologies, which should be combined with traditional development technologies. It was established that the optimal value of the indicators is most often achieved when a smaller part of the rich ore (up to 40%) is extracted by traditional technologies and released to the surface, and its larger part (up to 60%) – poor, out-of-condition and out-of-balance ore is leached underground. leu. In particular, the most intensive infiltration leaching occurs in the size class of ore pieces –100 + 0 mm. For the Michurinsky deposit (SE ShidGZK, Ukraine) during underground block leaching of metals, it is recommended that the yield of such a fraction in the recovered ore is about 90%. Metals from fractions –200 + 100 mm are leached less intensively and longer. It has been proven that the main place in PBV should be occupied by the explosive preparation of ore, which ensures effective extraction of metal from stored ores with a loosening coefficient of 1.15 > Kr < 1.2, which is regulated by the volume of products produced from the ore block (up to 30%) and camera parameters (length, width and height). Due to the involvement in the production of substandard ores, the raw material base of metal extraction at the operating mines can be increased by 1.4–1.6 times. To neutralize and wash the spent ore mass, it is recommended to process it with a solution of lime and mine water through the wells of the irrigation system. Protection of the hydrogeological environment should be carried out by silting the bottom of the chamber for collecting productive solutions with a clay solution and constant monitoring of groundwater pollution in the area affected by PBV. On the basis of the received positive results of the research and implementation of technologies of PBV of metals from rock ores during the development of block 5-86, according to the recommendations issued, the same approach was used for blocks 5-84-86 and 5-88-90, as well as the industrial-experimental block 1-75-79. For the industrial use of the combined traditional technology of development of deposit reserves, it is worth considering the possibility and expediency of including in the extraction and processing of substandard and out-of-balance, in terms of the content of useful components, ores with the technologies of underground block leaching of metals.

Keywords

• ore deposits
• underground development
• block leaching
• installations
• efficiency
• environmental safety
• subsoil protection