Manifestation of the Rite: "Complain Elevating" in Persian Literature

Abstract

Literature, in any shapes and forms, is a base for concepts and rites which people have believed in over time. Lawsuit and pleading is one of the issues that has been discussed in literature and reflected in it in different styles. "Complain elevating" is one example of litigation that has been widely reflected in literature. In addition to historical, political and social aspects, this rite can be explored from a literary perspective. "Complain elevating" is a rite which has survived centuries, though superannuated by allusions and other literary and social traditions.Poets and writers have had political, educational and literary uses of this ritual. Consequently, it has been used for different poetic theme-makings such as a raw material, as a device to criticize rulers and encourage peasants, and as a device to reform the society. This paper aims at reviewing the historical roots of the rite and exploring the w3ay it is reflected in the words of poets.

Keywords

• pleading
• complain elevating
• regnant
• king