TAXONOMIC CHEMICAL STUDY OF Pinus sp. GROWING IN NORTHERN OF IRAQ

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the kind of the phenolic compounds for six species of Pinus sp. for used in plant identification and In the chemical study extraction used method cascade by device extraction constant Continuous Soxhlet apparatus. for the preparation of the crude extracts from the vegetative species under study using four different solvents and sequential polarity (petroleum ether. benzene. chloroform and ethanol) to obtain the extract free of fat and impurities. then separated compounds by High performens liquid chromatography(HPLC) technique. and then carried out the process of acid hydrolyses on crude extracts of (chloroform and ethanol) to facilitate the identification of their compounds. and the results showed the isolation and identification of 15 phenolic compounds inclouding (Quercetin. Hydroquinone. Vanillin. Cinnamic acid. Coumarin. Gallic acid. Hydroxybenzoic acid. Luteolin. Phenol. Resorcinol. Rutin. Salicylic acid. Catechol. Myricetin. and Querctin-7-glucoside). The results also showed many differences in the number. type and rates of these phenolic compounds between the Pinus species. The results of the present study was to ethanol extracts contain a number of non-sugary Flavonoids such as Luteolin. and others are glycoside. The study showed the involvement of pine species studied in the presence of a number of chemical compounds which enhances the unity of genes and health of the species studied belong to him and contributed to the study of chemical in the identification and separation of the species studied in terms of the content of phenolic compounds and support the phenotypic characteristics and anatomy. and these differences in chemical compounds between the pinus species could be used as an indicator for plant taxonomic.