Durvalumab Consolidation Treatment after Chemoradiotherapy for an HIV-Positive Patient with Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Due to antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and non-HIV patients have a similar life expectancy. The leading cause of death among HIV patients is lung cancer. However, clinical toxicities with immune checkpoint inhibitors, including durvalumab, in HIV-positive patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. We report a 45-year-old Japanese HIV patient, who was safely treated with durvalumab consolidation therapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locally advanced NSCLC without significant toxicities until his disease progressed. This case demonstrates the safety of durvalu­mab consolidation therapy for HIV-positive patients after CCRT for locally advanced NSCLC.

Keywords

• locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
• immune checkpoint inhibitor
• anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 agent
• human immunodeficiency virus infection