Defect Detection in Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plate by Imaging of Mechanical Nonlinearity-Induced Sideband Vibrations

Abstract

Laser Doppler scanning vibrometry is used for imaging spectral vibration components in a carbon fiber-reinforced composite plate that contains a sub-surface delamination defect caused by hammer impact. The images reveal sideband generation at the location of the defect, reflecting mechanical nonlinearity-induced mixing between a high amplitude, low-frequency vibration that modulates the stress–strain behavior near the defect and a low amplitude, high-frequency probe vibration. In this work, a multifrequency probe is used to tackle the problem that the mixing coefficients are, in practice, frequency dependent. Based on the measured sideband amplitudes, a study is presented on the expected feasibility of detecting defects by a full field imaging scheme based on a photorefractive interferometer that is configured as a vibrometer acting as a bandpass filter around a sideband frequency of interest.

Keywords

• nondestructive testing
• NDT
• nonlinear acoustics
• vibrometry
• photorefractive optics
• carbon fiber