Characteristics of distribution of ions of heavy metals in freshwater mollusks under the parallel action of copper ions and trematode invasion

Abstract

We studied the peculiarities of accumulation of copper ions in the freshwater mollusks Lymnaea stagnalis and Planorbarius purpura at experimental conditions of chronic effect (0.5, 2, 5 and 10 of maximum-possible concentration for fisheries) in normal conditions and in case of combined action of trematode invasion and specified pollutants. We analyzed the characteristics of distribution of ions of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn in freshwater mollusks at conditions described. It is found that Trematode infestation leads to changes in the distribution of total content of heavy metal in the body of gastropods. Thus, in the infested P. purpura, investigated tissues and organs were placed in the ascending order: hemolymph<shell<hepatopancreas<mantle<leg, in L. stagnalis – hemolymph<hepatopancreas<shell<leg<mantle. Using correlation analysis, we calculated Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. It became possible to find out a degree of dependence between the studied ions in different tissues and organs of P. purpura. It was established that accumulation of metals is tissue specific, and their level is associated with the affinity of non-specific metals and specific metabolites in cell tissues and organs, metabolic acti­vity and physiological needs for these metals in the mollusks.

Keywords

• copper ions
• heavy metals
• freshwater mollusks
• accumulation
• trematode invasion
• Lymnaea stagnalis
• Planorbarius purpura