Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (Jan 2023)

Oxidative stress in diverse clinical conditions of SARS-CoV-2 Cuban hospitalized patients

  • Lizette Gil-del Valle,
  • Rosario Gravier-Hernández,
  • Mario M. Delgado-Guerra,
  • Joniel A. Sánchez-Márquez,
  • Olga E. López-Fernández,
  • Miguel A. Acosta-Suárez,
  • Teresa Rosell-Guerra,
  • Rodolfo Suárez-Iznaga,
  • Raiza Martínez-Casanueva,
  • Zullyt Zamora-Rodriguez,
  • Lidia A. Fernández-García,
  • Yusimit Bermudez-Alfonso,
  • María C. Hernández-Gonzalez-Abreu,
  • Gabino Garrido

DOI
https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1535_11.1.63
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 1
pp. 63 – 75

Abstract

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Context: COVID-19 related to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates inflammation with increased reactive oxygen species production. Drug treatment and others factors could influence systemic oxidative stress during pathogenic insult. Aims: To determine the redox status in COVID-19 patients with different clinical conditions and explore the relationship between redox and hematological hemochemical variables. Methods: In this comparative longitudinal study, blood samples were drawn from 160 individuals divided into four groups: COVID-19 asymptomatic, COVID-19 symptomatic (low and moderate symptoms), COVID-19 convalescent, and presumable healthy subjects. Demographic, redox, hematological, and hemochemical indices were assessed. Statistical analyses compared the median values of each variable and explored individual, simultaneous indices, and multivariate alteration. Results: Relative to the healthy group, acute COVID-19, and convalescent groups had significant differences in global damage indices and antioxidant status (p<0.05). The convalescent group showed significantly higher damage (malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, nitric oxide) and lower antioxidant enzymatic activities and glutathione concentration compared to other groups (p<0.05). Global modification of redox indices showed that more than 80% of studied individuals in acute conditions had simultaneous detrimental differences compared to a healthy status. The discriminant analysis permitted obtaining two canonical functions (p< 0.05) that reflect 98% of redox variables with 95% of variances with successful case classifications. Conclusions: These results corroborate that oxidative stress occurred in different COVID-19 and post-acute conditions with different molecular alterations of redox indices. Redox diagnosis should be considered in early diagnosis and treatment of infection, which would be worthwhile to conduct a more comprehensive study and management of disease evolution.

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