Energy Reports (Nov 2022)
Wind power generation and appropriate feed-in-tariff under limited wind resource in central Thailand
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to assess the wind energy resource in the central region of Thailand for wind power generation, along with analyzing the economic feasibility and appropriate feed-in-tariff (FIT) of a proposed 15 MW wind power plant. A microscale wind resource map was created using measured wind data, a computational fluid dynamics wind flow modeling and high-resolution topography databases. Five utility-scale wind turbine generators (WTG), with hub heights ranging from 80 to 120 m above ground level (agl), were used to estimate the annual energy production (AEP). Considering the available wind resource, the most appropriate WTG was identified, and a wind power plant layout was achieved to maximize the AEP as well as minimizing the wake losses. The maximum net AEP, capacity factor (CF), %AEP improvement, %wake loss reduction, and CO2eqemission avoidance were also analyzed. Several financial indices and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) were analyzed on the basis of a cost–benefit analysis. The economic sensitivity of the costs was used to determine the most appropriate FIT for the project. Results reveal that the mean annual wind speed at 120 m agl in the central region of Thailand reaches 5.8 m/s. The net AEP, CF, %AEP improvement, %wake loss, and CO2eqemission avoidance for a 15 MW wind power plant are estimated at 41 GWh/year, 30%, 6%, 10% and 231 ktonnes CO2eq/year, respectively. The LCOE for a base case scenario is estimated at 0.093 US$/kWh, with a FIT of 0.195 US$/kWh. Finally, the results of this work can be used as guidelines for wind power project development in the central region of Thailand and in other regions of the world where the wind resource is low to moderate under current existing WTG technology.
