Current Research in Food Science (Jan 2023)

Geographical discrimination of dried chili peppers using femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (fsLA-ICP-MS)

  • Suel Hye Hur,
  • Seyeon Kim,
  • Hyoyoung Kim,
  • Seongsoo Jeong,
  • Hoeil Chung,
  • Yong-Kyoung Kim,
  • Ho Jin Kim

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 6
p. 100532

Abstract

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This study presents a method for discriminating the geographical origin of dried chili peppers using femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (fsLA-ICP-MS) and multivariate analysis, such as orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), heatmap analysis, and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA). Herein, 102 samples were analyzed for the content of 33 elements using optimized conditions of 200 Hz (repetition rate), 50 μm (spot size), and 90% (energy). Significant differences in count per second (cps) values of the elements were observed between domestic and imported peppers, with variations of up to 5.66 times (133Cs). The OPLS-DA model accuracy achieved an R2 of 0.811 and a Q2 of 0.733 for distinguishing dried chili peppers of different geographical origins. The variable importance in projection (VIP) and s-plot identified elements 10 and 3 as key to the OPLS-DA model, and in the heatmap, six elements were estimated to be significant in discriminating between domestic and imported samples. Furthermore, CDA showed a high accuracy of 99.02%. This method can ensure food safety for consumers, and accurately determine the geographic origin of agricultural products.

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