DST (Apr 2022)

Cytotoxic and antiviral activity of extracts and compounds isolated from Clusia fluminensis Planch. & Triana (Clusiaceae)

  • Izabel Christina Nunes de Palmer Paixão,
  • Levino da Costa Meneses,
  • Helena de Souza Pereira,
  • Maria Carolina Anholeti,
  • Maria Raquel Figueiredo,
  • Maria Auxiliadora Coelho Kaplan,
  • Marcelo Guerra Santos,
  • Selma Ribeiro de Paiva

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 27, no. 3-4

Abstract

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Introduction: The worldwide distribution of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) allied to the emergence of resistant strains makes necessary and urgent the search and development of new substances capable of preventing and treating HSV-1 infections. Studies demonstrate synergy between genital herpes and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which represents a major concern for global public health. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of crude extracts and isolated substances from C. fluminensis in the in vitro replication of the HSV-1 virus and HIV-1-RT activity. Methods: This study evaluated the activity of extracts and isolated compounds from Clusia fluminensis Planch. & Triana against HSV-1 using Vero cells in culture and against HIV-1 using a recombinant reverse transcriptase enzyme (HIV -1 RT). The percentage of inhibition against HSV-1 was determined from viral lysis plaque reduction assay, and the anti-HIV-1-RT test was performed by a fluorimetric assay. It was also evaluated the cytotoxic activity of the samples using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. Results: The crude extracts showed high percentage of inhibition against HSV-1, reaching 81.4 to 100.0% inhibition in non-cytotoxic concentration (50 μg/mL). The isolated compounds, lanosterol and clusianone, demonstrated 100% inhibition in non-cytotoxic concentration (50 μg/mL). We also examined the effects of the extracts and isolates on the activity of the HIV-1-RT. Among the crude extracts, only the methanolic extract of leaves and methanolic extract of stems showed inhibitory activity against HIV-1-RT. Regarding the isolated compounds, lanosterol showed a moderate activity. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that extracts and isolates compounds Clusia fluminensis Planch. & Triana have promising antiviral activity inhibiting HSV-1 replication and HIV-1 by inhibiting the anti-RT activity.

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