Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
INFLUENCE OF SUNFLOWER PLANTS DENSITY ON ITS PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION
Abstract
In field trials on meadow medium-loamy soils of a plain irrigated area of the Republic of Dagestan we have studied an effect of drip irrigation and sowing density at different levels of pre-irrigation soil moisture on productivity and seed quality of sunflower. The researches were conducted in the educational-experimental farm of Dagestan SAU in 2011-2013. The study showed that the length of sunflower vegetation period depends on the state of pre-irrigation soil moisture more than on sowing density. Sowing density didn’t influence significantly on total water consumption unlike a level of pre-irrigation soil moisture, which increase reduced total water consumption by the plant on 11,6%. Improvement of sunflower water supply reduced co-efficient of water consumption and increased effectiveness of irrigation on 22,6%. It has been established that 80% HB was an optimal level of pre-irrigation soil moisture which was kept in 0–0,4 m of soil till node formation and in 0–0,8 m of soil with 12–13 times of irrigation with rates 88 and 220 m3/ha respectively. It has been determined that maximum productivity of (5,8 t/ha) was received at sowing density of 60 th.p/ha and soil moisture of 80% HB, giving the most quantity of oil (2,55 t/ha).
