Translational Psychiatry (Jan 2021)
Psycho-social factors associated with mental resilience in the Corona lockdown
- Ilya M. Veer,
- Antje Riepenhausen,
- Matthias Zerban,
- Carolin Wackerhagen,
- Lara M. C. Puhlmann,
- Haakon Engen,
- Göran Köber,
- Sophie A. Bögemann,
- Jeroen Weermeijer,
- Aleksandra Uściłko,
- Netali Mor,
- Marta A. Marciniak,
- Adrian Dahl Askelund,
- Abbas Al-Kamel,
- Sarah Ayash,
- Giulia Barsuola,
- Vaida Bartkute-Norkuniene,
- Simone Battaglia,
- Yaryna Bobko,
- Sven Bölte,
- Paolo Cardone,
- Edita Chvojková,
- Kaja Damnjanović,
- Joana De Calheiros Velozo,
- Lena de Thurah,
- Yacila I. Deza-Araujo,
- Annika Dimitrov,
- Kinga Farkas,
- Clémence Feller,
- Mary Gazea,
- Donya Gilan,
- Vedrana Gnjidić,
- Michal Hajduk,
- Anu P. Hiekkaranta,
- Live S. Hofgaard,
- Laura Ilen,
- Zuzana Kasanova,
- Mohsen Khanpour,
- Bobo Hi Po Lau,
- Dionne B. Lenferink,
- Thomas B. Lindhardt,
- Dávid Á. Magas,
- Julian Mituniewicz,
- Laura Moreno-López,
- Sofiia Muzychka,
- Maria Ntafouli,
- Aet O’Leary,
- Ilenia Paparella,
- Nele Põldver,
- Aki Rintala,
- Natalia Robak,
- Anna M. Rosická,
- Espen Røysamb,
- Siavash Sadeghi,
- Maude Schneider,
- Roma Siugzdaite,
- Mirta Stantić,
- Ana Teixeira,
- Ana Todorovic,
- Wendy W. N. Wan,
- Rolf van Dick,
- Klaus Lieb,
- Birgit Kleim,
- Erno J. Hermans,
- Dorota Kobylińska,
- Talma Hendler,
- Harald Binder,
- Inez Myin-Germeys,
- Judith M. C. van Leeuwen,
- Oliver Tüscher,
- Kenneth S. L. Yuen,
- Henrik Walter,
- Raffael Kalisch
Affiliations
- Ilya M. Veer
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
- Antje Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
- Matthias Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center
- Carolin Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
- Lara M. C. Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)
- Haakon Engen
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center
- Göran Köber
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg
- Sophie A. Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center
- Jeroen Weermeijer
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Aleksandra Uściłko
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw
- Netali Mor
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sagol Brain Institute Tel Aviv
- Marta A. Marciniak
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich
- Adrian Dahl Askelund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo
- Abbas Al-Kamel
- University of Bergamo
- Sarah Ayash
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)
- Giulia Barsuola
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge
- Vaida Bartkute-Norkuniene
- Faculty of Business and Technologies at Utena University of Applied Sciences
- Simone Battaglia
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Bologna
- Yaryna Bobko
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences, Warsaw
- Sven Bölte
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services
- Paolo Cardone
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)
- Edita Chvojková
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam
- Kaja Damnjanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade
- Joana De Calheiros Velozo
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Lena de Thurah
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Yacila I. Deza-Araujo
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva
- Annika Dimitrov
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
- Kinga Farkas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University
- Clémence Feller
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva
- Mary Gazea
- Concentris Research Management GmbH
- Donya Gilan
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)
- Vedrana Gnjidić
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb
- Michal Hajduk
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava
- Anu P. Hiekkaranta
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Live S. Hofgaard
- PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo
- Laura Ilen
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva
- Zuzana Kasanova
- Leuven Research and Development, Spin-off and Innovation Unit, KU Leuven
- Mohsen Khanpour
- University of Tehran
- Bobo Hi Po Lau
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University
- Dionne B. Lenferink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center
- Thomas B. Lindhardt
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) and MINDLab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Århus University
- Dávid Á. Magas
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Julian Mituniewicz
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw
- Laura Moreno-López
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
- Sofiia Muzychka
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences, Warsaw
- Maria Ntafouli
- Sleep Research Unit, First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Aet O’Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt
- Ilenia Paparella
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod
- Nele Põldver
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu
- Aki Rintala
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Natalia Robak
- College of Inter-faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw
- Anna M. Rosická
- Faculty of Social Studies, Department of Psychology, Masaryk University
- Espen Røysamb
- PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo
- Siavash Sadeghi
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- Maude Schneider
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva
- Roma Siugzdaite
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge
- Mirta Stantić
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford
- Ana Teixeira
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Ana Todorovic
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford
- Wendy W. N. Wan
- Department of International Business, Tunghai University
- Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt
- Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)
- Birgit Kleim
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich
- Erno J. Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center
- Dorota Kobylińska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw
- Talma Hendler
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sagol Brain Institute Tel Aviv
- Harald Binder
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg
- Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven
- Judith M. C. van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center
- Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR)
- Kenneth S. L. Yuen
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center
- Henrik Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
- Raffael Kalisch
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-01150-4
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 11
Abstract
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is not only a threat to physical health but is also having severe impacts on mental health. Although increases in stress-related symptomatology and other adverse psycho-social outcomes, as well as their most important risk factors have been described, hardly anything is known about potential protective factors. Resilience refers to the maintenance of mental health despite adversity. To gain mechanistic insights about the relationship between described psycho-social resilience factors and resilience specifically in the current crisis, we assessed resilience factors, exposure to Corona crisis-specific and general stressors, as well as internalizing symptoms in a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 24 languages during the most intense phase of the lockdown in Europe (22 March to 19 April) in a convenience sample of N = 15,970 adults. Resilience, as an outcome, was conceptualized as good mental health despite stressor exposure and measured as the inverse residual between actual and predicted symptom total score. Preregistered hypotheses (osf.io/r6btn) were tested with multiple regression models and mediation analyses. Results confirmed our primary hypothesis that positive appraisal style (PAS) is positively associated with resilience (p < 0.0001). The resilience factor PAS also partly mediated the positive association between perceived social support and resilience, and its association with resilience was in turn partly mediated by the ability to easily recover from stress (both p < 0.0001). In comparison with other resilience factors, good stress response recovery and positive appraisal specifically of the consequences of the Corona crisis were the strongest factors. Preregistered exploratory subgroup analyses (osf.io/thka9) showed that all tested resilience factors generalize across major socio-demographic categories. This research identifies modifiable protective factors that can be targeted by public mental health efforts in this and in future pandemics.
