Mir Èkonomiki i Upravleniâ (Dec 2017)
TRENDS OF FERTILITY AND MORTALITY IN THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Abstract
The article discusses the dynamics of fertility and mortality in the regions of the Siberian federal district. The aim of the study is identification of current trends in fertility and mortality in the district as a whole and analysis of the specificity of individual regions within the area for justification of the main directions of demographic policy at the regional level. The object of the study is the fertility and mortality of the population, the subject is the indicators of the regional fertility and mortality in the Siberian federal district. For the analysis of fertility trends authors use such indicators as total and age-specific fertility and average age of mother at birth of the child. The research includes interregional comparison of indicators of life expectancy and age-specific mortality rates, analysis of the features of level and dynamics of the standardized mortality rate and mortality by causes. According to the results, the main cause of the decline in births in the 1990s in the Siberian federal district was the reduction of the early births and currently this trend continues. In addition to delaying the first birth, there is a widespread increase in second and third births, which, on the contrary, are shifting to earlier ages. The gap between the highest and lowest life expectancy in the regions of the Siberian federal district in 2015 is 8 years. The analysis of the standardized mortality rate showed that the mortality rates of the Siberian federal district are among the highest in Russia. Among the regions of the Siberian Federal district the most affected are the Republic of Tyva, the Irkutsk region and the Kemerovo region, where the cause of the current situation is high mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, external causes, infectious and parasitic diseases and diseases of the digestive system.
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