جغرافیا و برنامهریزی محیطی (Jan 2013)
Study of climatic conditions for tourism development using TCI indicator (Case study East Azerbaijan province)
Abstract
Extended Abstract1- IntroductionTourism makes up a large part of the global economy and often as a key to economic growth in both developing and developed countries is used. One of the factors that should be considered in tourism is climate. Because in many countries of weather and climate are considered a capital value for tourism. But until now the source of tourism, tourism has a major role in the educational literature. Since much of modern tourism based on the use of natural features - is based on physical, development of tourist sites was not dependent on one source; it involves a wide range of resources, especially natural resources. The climate is considered as a source of basic or supplemental. So that from that day climate comfort that tourists visit places to go It is very important for planners and planners to climatic data before, after and during the visit to places of need. The study characteristics and climatic differences and variations in time and space that govern their relationship with human activities, Ways in order to analyze the environmental conditions within the planning of tourism offers. Tourism is important to determine the index for more comfort. Comfort tourism climate index (TCI) is a combination of methods that were presented in 1985 by Mieczkowski. The TCI is a combination of factors affecting the comfort of tourists. The index, climatic comfort of the tourists the best travel time is determined. Also, the calculation for different regions or even the wider world in the remarkable contribution to the tourist destination of choice. East Azerbaijan province with many features and attractions for the tourism industry and attract tourism, But such is not worthy of the blessings that will benefit the industry, Using the climatic comfort of tourists can be accurately planned and managed to attract tourists to this lucrative industry.2- MethodologyIn this study, the studies of climatic conditions in East Azerbaijan province, to develop tourism in this province have dealt with the use of TCI. Due to the nature component of the approach to study the situation "a descriptive-analytic”. The purpose of this research, applied research and in literature, documents and library data collection method is used. In addition to analyzing data from Excel and GIS software is used. In this case, the first climate data from meteorological synoptic station is not needed in East Azerbaijan province, for a period of 20 years (2010-1990) were collected And then using TCI in different stages of 1)-calculation of daily comfort index (CID), variables that are used in this index, The maximum daily temperature and average minimum daily relative humidity is. 2) Boarding comfort index (CIA), variables that are used in this index includes the average daily temperature and average daily relative humidity. 3) Roth calculating rainfall (R), 4) - calculation Rtbh number of sunshine hours (S), 5)-Rtbh calculation of air flow (the mean wind speed) (W)), the province's tourism climate comfort for each of the stations in different seasons were calculated. The TCI index stations for each month of the year, the results were entered into GIS software environment. According to the results obtained point to be, Comfort conditions for climate zones across the province-level data point to be generalized. In order to generalize the results point to the entire surface of the image distance weighting interpolation method (IDW) have used and to the point of information stations will be converted to surface and TCI and maps for the entire province is obtained.3- DiscussionIn East Azerbaijan province, as one of the main tourist poles of various natural attractions, historical, cultural and prevailing climatic conditions in different regions of the province, in different seasons, the weather can be a factor be made to attract tourists. So that the quantitative evaluation Ptansl and detailed information about them can be made better use of these capabilities. Tourism in the comfort of the climate in different regions of East Azerbaijan province, the calculation of climatic parameters in each of the TCI and Rtbh each of the stations of various climate parameters, The ratings obtained for each of the parameters for each of the stations Metals replaced in the index formula and for each station in different seasons of the numerical value obtained among the rank and 0-100 are located. Indicate that climatic conditions so intolerable situation is ideal. The results of the index, the number of zones in the province climatourism GIS environment was used And the proportion and number of classes in different seasons for each station have the comfort of the climate is classified as tourists.4- ConclusionIn recent years the influence of climatic factors on tourists' satisfaction, increased sensitivity and its importance in selecting a suitable place for tourists are staying. In this study, climate comfort for the tourists in the month of separation of East Azerbaijan province (TCI) used to have. The results were used to determine the climatic comfort of TCI in East Azerbaijan province, indicating that this index is a large variation in different regions of the province. So that the annual index of TCI in the months of May, June, July, August and September (May, June, July, August and September) with the best conditions of climatic comfort of the tourists are and January, February, November and March (December, January, February and March) due to the dominance of the high-pressure system, with the worst of these conditions are considered. 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