Los límites del enfoque mainstream para estudiar el impacto de la tecnología en el mercado laboral: la ecuación de reemplazo y las capacidades de adopción como factores clave

Abstract

In conventional approaches, technological advance is presented as the main factor to explain the scope of automation. However, «technological advancement» is not the same as «adoption». In fact, in the peripheries, greater potential to automate coexists with lower technological adoption. To explain this apparent contradiction, we incorporate two theoretical concepts that are not normally considered in the literature related to the future of work: the Marxist replacement equation and the adoption capacities of evolutionism. When considering together, the proposal for «requalification» as a public policy to mitigate the effects of technologies based on artificial intelligence is insufficient, since both economic and adoption issues limit the process.

Keywords

• employment
• artificial intelligence
• salaries
• adoption
• peripheries