International Journal of Nanomedicine (Oct 2023)
Current Application of Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems to the Treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas
Abstract
Chonggao Wang,1,2 Yewei Zhang3 1Department of Thyroid Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210001, People’s Republic of China; 3Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yewei Zhang, Email [email protected]: Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) are a rare subtype of thyroid cancers with a low incidence but extremely high invasiveness and fatality. The treatment of ATCs is very challenging, and currently, a comprehensive individualized therapeutic strategy involving surgery, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi) and immunotherapy is preferred. For ATC patients in stage IVA/IVB, a surgery-based comprehensive strategy may provide survival benefits. Unfortunately, ATC patients in IVC stage barely get benefits from the current treatment. Recently, nanoparticle delivery of siRNAs, targeted drugs, cytotoxic drugs, photosensitizers and other agents is considered as a promising anti-cancer treatment. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been mainly explored in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). With the rapid development of drug delivery techniques and nanomaterials, using hybrid nanoparticles as the drug carrier to deliver siRNAs, targeted drugs, immune drugs, chemotherapy drugs and phototherapy drugs to ATC patients have become a hot research field. This review aims to describe latest findings of nanoparticle drug delivery systems in the treatment of ATCs, thus providing references for the further analyses.Keywords: anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, anti-cancer treatment, nanomaterials, nanoparticle, nanomedicine
