Decoupling Modes in Multi-Band Microstrip Patch Antennas

Abstract

In this article, an elegant approach is presented for designing multi-band multi-mode rectangular microstrip antennas (MSAs) with high isolation between the bands. The coupling properties of a gap (an extended slot), which is introduced in a rectangular MSA operating in the TM010 and TM100 modes, are first qualitatively explained through field equivalence theory and image theory. It is shown that even though the slot appears “transparent” (i.e., strongly couples the two sections of the MSA) to the TM010 mode, it effectively decouples the two sections of the MSA in the TM100 mode. As a proof-of-concept, the design technique is applied to a conventional patch to achieve dual-band operation with 39 dB of measured isolation between the bands. The design concept is then extended to achieve a quad-band antenna design with 30 dB of measured isolation between all of its bands. Compared to other methods the proposed one preserves the low-profile of microstrip antennas and provides a simple way to design and fabricate multi-band and multi-mode antennas. Therefore, this method is very well suited for designing antennas for next generation communication systems.

Keywords

• Isolation
• microstrip antenna
• dual-band
• quad-band
• sub-6 GHz
• modes decoupling