Clinical Epidemiology (Feb 2021)
Stroke Incidence and Death in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Newly Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Abstract
Amélie Gabet,1 Edouard Chatignoux,1 Clémence Grave,1 Alexandre Vallée,2 Philippe Tuppin,3 Yannick Béjot,4 Valérie Olié1 1French Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France; 2Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hotel Dieu, AP-HP, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; 3General Health Insurance Scheme (Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Maladie), Paris, France; 4Dijon Stroke Registry, EA4184, University Hospital and Medical School of Dijon, University of Burgundy, Dijon, FranceCorrespondence: Amélie GabetFrench Public Health Agency, 14 rue du Val d’Osne, Saint Maurice, 94410, FranceTel +33155125164Fax +33155125403Email [email protected]: The objectives were to analyse the determinants of stroke incidence and mortality as a competing event in AF patients newly treated with DOAC and to assess the impact of non-adherence to DOAC treatment.Methods: It is a population-based retrospective cohort study using the French national healthcare data system. AF patients aged > 20 years were affiliated to the general health insurance scheme (66% of the French population) and newly treated with DOAC between 2012 and 2015 were included and followed for 2 years.Results: Overall 76,795 AF patients were newly treated with DOAC in 2015. Stroke incidence reached 10.1 (95% CI: 9.6– 10.6) per 1000 person-year and death 39.7 (95% CI: 38.6– 40.8) as a competitive risk. Female sex was associated with a lower risk of death but not of stroke. Non-adherence to DOAC treatment increased the risk of both stroke (42%) and death (38%). Acute coronary syndrome was associated with an increased risk of stroke alone, whereas heart failure decompensation, social deprivation, and haemorrhage were associated with an increased risk of death alone.Conclusion: Both stroke and death risks remain non-negligible in AF patients treated with DOAC. Non-adherence was associated with an increased risk of stroke and death.Keywords: atrial fibrillation, stroke, death, adherence, direct oral anticoagulants