Electrochemical Performance of Nitrogen-Doped TiO₂ Nanotubes as Electrode Material for Supercapacitor and Li-Ion Battery

Abstract

Electrochemical anodized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes are of immense significance as electrochemical energy storage devices owing to their fast electron transfer by reducing the diffusion path and paving way to fabricating binder-free and carbon-free electrodes. Besides these advantages, when nitrogen is doped into its lattice, doubles its electrochemical activity due to enhanced charge transfer induced by oxygen vacancy. Herein, we synthesized nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) and studied its electrochemical performances in supercapacitor and as anode for a lithium-ion battery (LIB). Nitrogen doping into TiO2 was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The electrochemical performance of N-TiO2 nanotubes was outstanding with a specific capacitance of 835 µF cm−2 at 100 mV s−1 scan rate as a supercapacitor electrode, and it delivered an areal discharge capacity of 975 µA h cm−2 as an anode material for LIB which is far superior to bare TiO2 nanotubes (505 µF cm−2 and 86 µA h cm−2, respectively). This tailor-made nitrogen-doped nanostructured electrode offers great promise as next-generation energy storage electrode material.

Keywords

• electrochemical anodization
• TiO₂ nanotubes
• Nitrogen doping
• supercapacitor
• Lithium-ion battery