Intraoperative application of yellow fluorescence in resection of intramedullary spinal canal ependymoma

Abstract

Background Spinal ependymoma is the most common intramedullary tumor in adults. This study was performed to evaluate whether intraoperative yellow fluorescence use enhances our ability to identify the tumor margin and residual tumor tissue in intramedullary spinal cord ependymoma resection. We also evaluated patients’ clinical conditions at a 3-month follow-up. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 56 patients with intramedullary ependymoma. Thirty minutes before anesthesia, the patients received intravenous sodium fluorescein injections. Tumor resection was performed under two illumination modes, traditional white light and yellow fluorescence, and the residual tumor tissue was detected. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 3 months postoperatively to observe the tumor resection outcome and residual tumor tissue. The McCormick spinal cord function grade was evaluated preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Results The total resection rate was 100.0% in all patients. Nine patients had no significant fluorescence imaging. After 3 months, patients with a spinal function grade of I to IV showed significant spinal function improvement. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no residual tumor tissue or recurrence. Conclusion Sodium fluorescein aids in total excision of intramedullary spinal cord ependymoma and intraoperative residual tumor tissue identification. At the 3-month follow-up, the patients’ functional outcome in the fluorescein group was good.