Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Apr 2024)
Effect of Sarcopenia on 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Long-Fei Xia,1 Jing-Bo Li,2 Guo-Sheng Tian,2 Wei-Ran Jiang,3 Yao-Shuang Li,1 Chen-Ying Lin,1 Hui-Na Qiu,2 Fan Wu,4 Jun-Jia Wang,5 Chun-Jun Li,2 Jing-Na Lin2 1Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, 300121, People’s Republic of China; 3Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; 4School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People’s Republic of China; 5Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jing-Na Lin; Chun-Jun Li, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: To investigate the impact of sarcopenia on the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: This study included the clinical, laboratory, and body composition data of 1491 patients with T2DM who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at Tianjin Union Medical Center from July 2018 to July 2023. The China-PAR model was utilized to evaluate cardiovascular disease risk. Associations between ASCVD risk and various clinical parameters were analyzed, and the relationship between body composition parameters and ASCVD risk was assessed using logistic regression.Results: The analysis revealed that T2DM patients with sarcopenia had a higher 10-year ASCVD risk compared to those without sarcopenia, with reduced muscle mass independently predicting an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This association was significant among female T2DM patients, while male T2DM patients with sarcopenia showed a marginally higher median ASCVD risk compared to their non-sarcopenic counterparts. ASCVD risk inversely correlated with body muscle parameters and positively correlated with fat content parameters. Specifically, height- and weight-adjusted fat mass (FM, FM%, FMI) were identified as risk factors for ASCVD. Conversely, muscle parameters adjusted for weight and fat (ASM%, SMM%, FFM%, ASM/FM, SMM/FM, FMM/FM) were protective against ASCVD risk. These findings highlight the critical role of sarcopenia in influencing cardiovascular disease risk among Chinese patients with T2DM, as predicted by the China-PAR model.Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of sarcopenia in T2DM patients, not only as an indicator of ASCVD risk, but possibly as an independent risk factor in this demographics.Keywords: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, ASCVD, type 2 diabetes, T2DM, sarcopenia, fat content, muscle mass
