Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3) as a Pulse Initiator in a Mode-Locking Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser

N. F. Zulkipli; A. R. Muhammad; M. Batumalay; A. H. A. Rosol; A. Altuncu; F. E. Durak; M. F. Ma’mun; S. W. Harun

doi:10.3390/photonics9070486

Photonics (Jul 2022)

Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3) as a Pulse Initiator in a Mode-Locking Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser

N. F. Zulkipli,
A. R. Muhammad,
M. Batumalay,
A. H. A. Rosol,
A. Altuncu,
F. E. Durak,
M. F. Ma’mun,
S. W. Harun

Affiliations

N. F. Zulkipli: Photonics Technologies Application and Research Center, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey
A. R. Muhammad: Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
M. Batumalay: Faculty of Data Science & IT, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
A. H. A. Rosol: Department of Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
A. Altuncu: Photonics Technologies Application and Research Center, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey
F. E. Durak: Photonics Technologies Application and Research Center, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey
M. F. Ma’mun: Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
S. W. Harun: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9070486
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 9, no. 7
p. 486

Abstract

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Mode-locking is an ultra-short pulse laser generation technique. The range of pulse duration may vary from picoseconds to femtoseconds. Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3) based saturable absorber (SA) was appropriately revealed in the mode-locked method within the 1.55-micron regime. Y2O3 is perfect for strength, melting point, and chemical stability and can be used as a laminated insulator due to its properties. Moreover, Y2O3 also owns broadband service, switching speed, and engineering features. The Y2O3-PVA film was produced by combining the 50 mg Y2O3 powder into a 50 mL polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution and stirring it at room temperature for about 24 h. A mode-locked pulse was recorded with the integrated Y2O3-PVA SA in the erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity, and the output spectrum optical spectrum analyzer displayed was around 1560.66 nm. In addition to the sustained mode-locked pulse, a nearly constant repetition rate of 1.01 MHz at a specific pump power begins from 175.87 mW to 228.04 mW while the pulse duration is 4.15 ps. Lastly, the mode-locked pulse had been evaluated, which showed the peak power started from 4.94 kW to 6.07 kW.

Published in Photonics

ISSN: 2304-6732 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General): Applied optics. Photonics
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/photonics

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