Biocidal mechanism of green synthesized thyme loaded silver nanoparticles (GTAgNPs) against immune evading tricky methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 090 (MRSA090) at a homeostatic environment

Abstract

The tricky defense mechanism of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 090 easily evades innate immune system to establish its journey in the body. Till today, the exact mechanism and toxicity of green silver nanoparticles to bacteria is an elusive question. To address this issue, synthesized a green thyme loaded silver nanoparticles (GTAgNPs), characterized and its toxicity to MRSA090 was evaluated. The synthesized GTAgNPs showed controlled the particle size of 75 nm having anti-microbial property effective at 1 mg/mL confirmed by membrane destabilization validated by surface alterations through bioelectrochemistry, SEM., and AFM. The GTAgNPs showed negligible toxicity to PBMC and anti-cancer property against A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. The blood compatibility of GTAgNPs, delaying coagulation, and down-regulating the virulence genes MRSA090 such as Coa and SpA. These studies conclude the GTAgNPs tested the first time against MRSA090 and strongly presume that designing of the anti-staphylococcal drug from an active molecule of thyme plant being a natural source can gain more attention for medicine against MRSA infections in future. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, GTAgNPs, Biocompatibility, Biofilm, Toxicity, Gene regulation