Splenic sequestration and infarction upon exposure to high altitude in adult patients with sickle cell anemia

Abstract

Adult patients with sickle cell disease usually have atrophied spleens due to autosplenectomy, and only rarely have complications related to the spleen, such as splenic sequestration and infarctions. However, some sickle cell haplotypes/genotypes are associated with persistent spleen until adulthood and thus are at risk of splenic complications. In this case report, upon or shortly after arrival at high altitude, three patients with sickle cell anemia were presented with acute splenic sequestration and splenic infarction. This major complication can be the presenting feature of an otherwise benign course of sickle cell anemia. A national travel recommendation is merited to advise patients with sickle cell anemia before traveling to high altitudes, especially those with Arab-Indian haplotype.

Keywords

• high altitude
• sickle cell anemia
• splenic sequestration