Mortality outcomes in diabetic metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: non-obese versus obese individuals

Abstract

Abstract The difference in the survival of obese patients and normal-weight/lean patients with diabetic MAFLD remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to describe the long-term survival of individuals with diabetic MAFLD and overweight/obesity (OT2M), diabetic MAFLD with lean/normal weight (LT2M), MAFLD with overweight/obesity and without T2DM (OM), and MAFLD with lean/normal weight and without T2DM (LM). Using the NHANESIII database, participants with MAFLD were divided into four groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related, and cancer-related mortalities for different MAFLD subtypes were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. Of the 3539 participants, 1618 participants (42.61%) died during a mean follow-up period of 274.41 ± 2.35 months. LT2M and OT2M had higher risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 2.14; 95% CI 1.82–2.51; p < 0.0001; adjusted HR, 2.24; 95% CI 1.32–3.81; p = 0.003) and CVD-related mortality (adjusted HR, 3.25; 95% CI 1.72–6.14; p < 0.0001; adjusted HR, 3.36; 95% CI 2.52–4.47; p < 0.0001) than did OM. All-cause and CVD mortality rates in LT2M and OT2M patients were higher than those in OM patients. Patients with concurrent T2DM and MAFLD should be screened, regardless of the presence of obesity.

Keywords

• Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease
• Obesity
• Normal weight
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Mortality