Spatial reorientation of the carriage of a CNC lathe when reversing

Abstract

The process of machining on CNC machines of parts of a complex profile with multi-pass shaping schemes is accompanied by multiple changes in the direction of movement of the working bodies (reverse) during cutting and at idle. In this case, the formation of processing errors associated with the spatial reorientation of the carriage during reversal is possible, the cause of which is the mismatch of the vector of the traction force acting along the axis of the lead screw and the resulting resistance forces associated with cutting forces and friction in the guides. Based on the analysis of the forces acting on the carriage, a design and mathematical model is proposed for guides with prismatic and flat guides. Approbation of the proposed calculation method showed a good level of agreement between the calculated and experimental results. The regularities of the influence of the cutting forces, the location of the center of gravity of the support group, its mass and speed after the reverse on the value of the spatial reorientation have been established.