THE PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AND CORRELATION WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Abstract

Abstract    BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is a major predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is a large body of evidence that nutrients have a important role in preventing and controlling of CVD risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CVD risk factors and their relations with nutrients and energy intake in patients with type 2 diabetes.    METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 107 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from individuals who underwent routine medical check-up in the out patient clinic of Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patients were evaluated for age, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and HbA1C. Nutrient intakes were obtained via 24- hour recall from each patient in three consecutive days. Nutrients and data analysis were done using FPII and SPSS version 13 soft wares.    RESULTS: Overall, 10.9% and 87.9% of patients had respectively two and more than two CVD risk factors. The intakes of energy, protein, dietary fiber and vitamins including vitamin C, E, B12, B6, B3, B2, B1, B5 and mineral such as copper and zinc were less than the standard values (P < 0.001). The status of some nutrients intake was significantly correlated with some CVD risks factors.     CONCLUSION: This study indicates a high prevalence of CVD risk factors among diabetic patients and emphasizes on the important role of nutrients intake in prevention and control of these risks. These findings suggest the necessity for improvement of nutrition status for reducing the prevalence of diabetes and CVD.      Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors, nutrition, diabetes.