Generation of large-scale equatorial F-region plasma depletions during lowrange spread-F season

Abstract

All-sky imaging observations of the F-region OI 630nm nightglow emission allow us to visualize large-scale equatorial plasma depletions, generally known as trans-equatorial plasma bubbles. Strong range type spread-F is the radio signature of these (magnetically) north-south aligned plasma depletions. An extensive database of the OI 630nm emission all-sky imaging observations has been obtained at Cachoeira Paulista (22.7°S, 45.0°W; dip latitude ∼16°S), Brazil, between the years 1987 and 2000. An analysis of these observations revealed that relatively few large-scale ionospheric plasma depletions occur during the months of May to August (southern winter, June solstice) in the Brazilian sector. Of the few that are observed during these months, some occur in association with geomagnetic storms and some do not. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the events when large-scale ionospheric plasma depletions were initiated and evolved during the June solstice periods are presented and discussed.Key words. Atmospheric composition and chemistry (airglow and aurora). Ionosphere (equatorial ionosphere; ionospheric irregularities)