Ventilator associated pneumonias and its antibiogram

Abstract

Background: Various studies show Pseudomonas species, Acinetobacter species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus were identified as common VAP pathogens with varying prevalence. Due to increasing incidence of MDR in ICU, early and correct diagnosis of VAP is a challenge for an optimal antibiotic treatment. Objective: To know the Bacteriological Profile of Ventilator associated pneumonias, their prevalence and also their susceptibility pattern Methods: The study was conducted in Intensive Care units in Osmania General Hospital Hyderabad among 300 patients both male and female age group ranging from 15- 60 years admitted in ICU’s. Specimen collection was done by anesthetists, ETA was collected using 8 F suction catheter which was guided through the lumen of Endotracheal tube for approximately 24 cm. Gentle aspiration was then performed without instilling saline and catheter was withdrawn from endotracheal tube. After catheter was withdrawn approximately 2.5 - 5 ml of saline was injected into it with a sterile syringe to flush the exudate into a sterile container. Results: The total no. of patients on mechanical ventilation included in the study during one year period was 300. Out of these 138 patients developed Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). The most common isolated pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae in (40.63%) cases followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.63%), Acinetobacter species (12.50%) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.38%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the commonest pathogen isolated in both early onset and late onset. Conclusion: The most common isolated pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae in (40.63%) cases followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.63%), Acinetobacter species (12.50%) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.38%).

Keywords

• ventilator
• pneumonia
• antibiogram