Crop agro-technologies adaptation in organic farming

Abstract

The materials of long-term field experiments carried out in the forest-steppe of the Ob region of the Novosibirsk region and in the northern forest-steppe of the Kuznetsk basin of the Kemerovo region in various types of crop rotations on leached chernozems were analyzed to assess the possibility of developing organic farming. The most stable crop rotation in relation to weeds is a grain-fallow crop rotation with winter rye, where the coefficient of crop rotation productivity decrease with an increase in infestation by 1 unit of specific weed biomass was 0.205.The number of interstim pests per plant was less on wheat crops placed on vetch-oats, winter rye and rapeseed than on fallow and spring grain predecessors. The most productive crop rotations without the use of fertilizers and pesticides were grain fallow crop rotations with winter rye (2.46 t/ha) and legumes (2.44 t/ha). It has been established that organic farming can only be carried out under conditions of crop diversification (increase in biodiversity within crops of winter rye, cabbage, leguminous grasses and grain legumes), a decrease in the intensity of mechanical impact on the soil, the introduction of organic fertilizers and plant residues of crops, sideration.