Different Concepts of Grid-Connected Microgrids with a PV System, Battery Energy Storage, Feed-in Tariff, and Load Management Using Fuzzy Logic

Abstract

This paper presents different variants of smart grid-connected microgrids consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) system and batteries. Based on ten-minute data on the consumption of the distribution system, the estimation of the consumption diagram of one household was performed, as well as the determination of its unmanageable and manageable part. The fuzzy logic controller and algorithm for energy flow management were applied to manage the consumption of one household. The proposed load management provides a continuous power supply to a consumer from his PV system, batteries, and distribution grid, enabling the energy exchange with the grid and achieving financial gain. The input data for the fuzzy logic controller are the difference between the PV system power production and the household power consumption, the variation of the price of electricity on the market to its average value, and the state of charge of the battery. The output data from the fuzzy logic controller are the probabilities of engaging home appliances. The presented analysis was done for a period of one year for the city of Belgrade.

Keywords

• batteries
• fuzzy logic
• load management
• microgrids
• photovoltaic systems