Радиационная гигиена (Oct 2022)
The experience of the Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology in the implementation of the Union State measure to provide comprehensive medical care to the population affected by the Chernobyl disaster
Abstract
The implementation of targeted medical care to the population of the Republic of Belarus and Russia affected by the Chernobyl disaster is carried out within the framework of national targeted programs, as part of the Union State event «Providing comprehensive medical care to certain categories of citizens of Belarus and Russia exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl disaster» based on medical centers in Russia and Belarus. The relevance of the Measure for the provision of certain types of specialized, including hightech, medical care to citizens of the Republic of Belarus exposed to radiation as a result of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant is based on the data on morbidity. The analysis of diseases showed an increase in morbidity rates for such nosological forms as chronic renal failure, secondary and tertiary hypoparathyroidism, diseases of the retina and vitreous body, immunodeficiency states, varicose veins of the lower extremities, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphomas in children. On the territory of the Republic of Belarus in 2016-2021, the provision of comprehensive medical care within the framework of the Measure was carried out at the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology. In 2016-2021, on the base of the Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology 1607 citizens of the Republic of Belarus who suffered from the Chernobyl disaster received high-tech and specialized medical care (in 2016 – 238, in 2017 – 260, in 2018 – 264, in 2019 – 264, in 2020 – 278, in 2021 – 303). The main part of medical care was provided in the surgical applications: transplantation of the kidney and parathyroid glands, surgeries on the posterior segment of the eye, reconstructive surgeries of the pelvic floor in women, laser vein correction. The successful implementation of the Measure in 2016–2021 made it possible to work out the possibility of holding the Measure of the Union State for subsequent years, specifying the amount of funding and additional volumes of comprehensive medical care for citizens in need who were exposed to radiation due to the Chernobyl disaster.
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